The stele of Justus, Matrona and Dulciorella

Written in Latin like many ancient Jewish stelae in Western Europe, it begins with a five-branched candelabra and ends with the Hebrew inscription "Peace be upon Israel". Extremely rare for a Jew, the title of dominus, borne by Paragorus, their father, denotes a high social status, which sheds light on the condition of Narbonne's Jews in the early Middle Ages.

Since the 19^th century, specialists have been wondering about the causes of the simultaneous deaths of this sibling group, whose members were aged thirty, twenty and nine: was it a massacre or an epidemic? Their deaths during the reign of the Visigoth king Egica - whose anti-Jewish rulings have gone down in the annals of Christianity - long led to the assumption that they had suffered as a result of persecution in the kingdom of Toledo, which at the time extended into Languedoc. Recent archaeological discoveries, combined with a re-reading of the acts of the councils held in Toledo in 693 and 694, now support the hypothesis of a recurrence of Justinian's plague.