Prayer Book for the Year, Mahzor

Rhineland, 1312-1313

Photo Gilles Berizzi
Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris

Strauss collection, Rothschild donation
On long-term loan from the Musée national du Moyen Âge, Paris

This manuscript includes a calendar beginning in the year 1312 or 1313, making it possible to date it. The script and the date the book was produced are very close to that of the expulsion of the Jews from France by Philippe the Fair in 1306, making it highly probable that it is the work of French scribes who had taken refuge in Rhineland. Evidence of the book's French origin can be found in the prayers which are those of the French communities, in the inclusion of liturgical poems - piyyutim - which are only known through the Vitry Mahzor, as well as in the use of old French terms transcribed into Hebrew. It contains the daily prayers, those of Shabbat and the Festivals, of Pesah with the Haggadah, the portions of the Torah - parashot - and the prayers for the New Moon.